3.4 Uniform Temperature Control

Efficient mixing is important to achieve a uniform temperature. Therefore, inlet, outlet and re-circulation connections are usually located near the bottom of the tank and can be reversed so that the product is pumped from the bottom and discharged through the swing pipe below the liquid surface. If desired, cooling the content from the bottom up can be achieved via the swing pipe, i.e. ethylbenzene can be withdrawn below the liquid surface and returned to the bottom. It is stressed that return of product to the tank should always be below the liquid level, to prevent static electric charge buildup (refer to chapter 2.3.3 Static Electricity for more details), and that a reliable siphon break should be provided in dip pipes. It goes without saying that in warm climates, a chiller will be a minimum requirement to maintain the desired storage condition.

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